This is a simple licensing issue that can be resolved by running the attached .reg file.
Simply copy the file to the affected user's desktop and run.
Once complete, the RDP application should now launch correctly without the 'The terminal server cannot locate the license server' error.
If the remote session is still not working, double check the respective keys in RegEdit:
[-HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSLicensing\HardwareID]
[-HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSLicensing\Store]
Both of the above items should no longer be in the MSLicensing hive. If they are, just delete them manually.
If the RDP session still fails, make sure that the shortcut has been assigned elevated administrator privileges.